# F2py¶

This page provides examples on how to use the F2py fortran wrapping program.

It is possible to start with simple routines or even to wrap full Fortran modules. F2py is used in SciPy itself and you can find some examples in the source code of SciPy.

## Short examples¶

### Wrapping a function from lapack¶

Taken from a message on 2006-06-22 to scipy-user by ArndBaecker

Thanks to f2py, wrapping Fortran code is (with a bit of effort) trivial in many cases. For complicated functions requiring many arguments the wrapper can become longish. Fortunately, many things can be learnt from looking at scipy/Lib/linalg/generic_flapack.pyf In particular, the documentation at http://cens.ioc.ee/projects/f2py2e/ is excellent. I also found the f2py notes by FernandoPerez very helpful, http://cens.ioc.ee/pipermail/f2py-users/2003-April/000472.html

Let me try to give some general remarks on how to start (the real authority on all this is of course Pearu, so please correct me if I got things wrong here): * first find a routine which will do the job you want: * If the lapack documentation is installed properly on Linux you could do * http://www.netlib.org/ provides a nice decision tree * make sure that that it does not exist in scipy:

In [ ]:
from scipy.lib import lapack
lapack.clapack.<TAB>         (assuming Ipython)
lapack.clapack.<routine_name>


 Remark: routines starting with c/z are for double/single complex\  and routines for d/s for double/single real numbers.\  The calling sequence for c/z and d/s are (I think always) the same and\  sometimes they are also the same for the real and complex case.\ * Then one has to download the fortran file for the lapack routine of interest.\ * Generate wrapper by calling\

* Generate library\

* You can use this by

In [ ]:
import wrap_lap


 Note, that this is not yet polished (this is the part on\  which has to spent some effort ;-) ), i.e. one\  has to tell which variables are input, which are output\  and which are optional. In addition temporary\  storage has to be provided with the right dimensions\  as described in the documentation part of the lapack routine.

Concrete (and very simple) example (non-lapack):

### Wrapping Hermite polynomials¶

and extract

Generate wrapper framework:

# only run the following line _once_
# (and never again, otherwise the hand-modified hermite.pyf
#  goes down the drains)
f2py -m hermite -h hermite.pyf hermite.f

Then modify

Create the module:

f2py -c hermite.pyf  hermite.f

# add this if you want:
-DF2PY_REPORT_ON_ARRAY_COPY=1 -DF2PY_REPORT_ATEXIT

Simple test:

In [ ]:
import hermite
hermite.vahepo(2,2.0)
import scipy
scipy.special.hermite(2)(2.0)


A more complicated example about how to wrap routines for band matrices can be found at http://www.physik.tu-dresden.de/~baecker/comp_talks.html under "Python and Co - some recent developments".

## Wrapping a simple C code¶

f2py is also capable of handling C code. An example is found on the wiki: ["Cookbook/f2py_and_NumPy"].

## Step by step wrapping of a simple numerical code: Interactive System for Ice sheet Simulation¶

http://websrv.cs.umt.edu/isis/index.php/F2py_example